In 1906, Dr. Morgenthaler, a psychiatrist at Bern Psychiatric Hospital, started to collect and photograph the drawings, paintings and various objects designed by his patients. This collection of works by schizophrenic artists would later prove an important contribution to art history and the history of "Art Brut" or "Outsider Art": work by artists who have been deemed obsessive, mentally or psychologically ill, or otherwise "abnormal."